Celastrol Nanoemulgel Formulation And In Vitro Penetration Test

Objective: To obtain formulations of Celastrol (Cst) nanoemulgel via transdermal route. Celastrol is classified in BCS 4 class as an anti-inflammatory drug. These routes are considered to reduce the risk of Celastrol side effects and have the same characteristics as skin morphology. Methods: Celastrol nanoemulgel was prepared by a high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) technique. To find the optimum nanoemulsion area by using the Chemix 7.00 ternary phase program. Celastrol nanoemulgel was evaluated by measuring the particle size, PDI, morphology, zeta potential, stability tests and in vitro using Franz diffusion cell Results: Results showed the ideal formula based on the ternary phase diagram using chemix 7.00 is oil: smix: water (5:45:50), with particle size 89.9±5 nm, PDI 0.1, and zeta-21 mV. The morphological shape is quite spherical ≤ 100±5 nm. The pH value of this formula is 4.5, which compatible with the pH of the skin. The highest recovery rate of Celastrol and encapsulation efficiency (EE) were formulas 3 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml, with EE 91.70% and 94.54%, respectively. In vitro test results showed that the formula 3 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml give better penetration results than the formula 2.5 μg/ml. Thus, Celastrol nanoemulgel formula has good potential to be developed as a transdermal anti-inflammatory drug. Conclusion: Transdermal nanoemulgel containing Celastrol has been successfully developed with particle size ≤ 200±2 nm.

Potency Of Γ-Oryzanol-Rich Black Rice Bran (ORYZA Sativa L. Indica) Extract For Tyrosinase Inhibition

Objective: The objectives of this study were to quantify γ-oryzanol in an ethanolic extract of Oryza sativa L. Indica (black rice) bran and to evaluate its activity as a tyrosinase inhibitor. Methods: Black rice bran was extracted via maceration in 96% ethanol, and the γ-oryzanol concentration in the extract was measured through high-performance liquid chromatography. The applicability of the extract as a skin lightening agent was determined by evaluating its tyrosinase inhibition activity. Results: The dry rice bran contained 118.572 mg/g of γ-oryzanol, and the extract inhibited tyrosinase activity at an IC50 of 74.8%. Conclusion: The black rice bran extract was sufficiently potent for use in skin lightening formulations.